Rough moss frog Arthroleptella rugosa (Critically Endangered)

The rough moss frog occurs at a single locality on the southern slopes of the Klein Swartberg Mountain. The main threats to this species are invasive alien plants and too-frequent fires. Density estimates for this species are made by applying acoustic spatial capture-recapture methods to call data recorded by an array of microphones. Based on this technique, it is estimated that the population comprises about 2000 mature males.